Validation of simulations of particulate, fluid and multiphase systems using positron emission particle tracking: A review (Open Access)--颗粒学报PARTICUOLOGY

Sykes, J. A., Weston, D., Adio, N., Che, H., Hart-Villamil, R., Nicuşan, A. L., . . . Windows-Yule, C. R. K. (2025). Validation of simulations of particulate, fluid and multiphase systems using positron emission particle tracking: A review. Particuology, 101, 117-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2024.06.015

Validation of simulations of particulate, fluid and multiphase systems using positron emission particle tracking: A review (Open Access)

Jack Alan Sykes^{a b}, Daniel Weston^b *, Niklas Adio^b, Hanqiao Che^b, Roberto Hart-Villamil^b, Andrei Leonard Nicuşan^b, William Peace^b, Daniel Rhymer^b, Dominik Werner^b, Tzany Kokalova-Wheldon^a, Andrew Ingram^b, Christopher R.K. Windows-Yule^b

a School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
b School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

10.1016/j.partic.2024.06.015

Volume 101, June 2025, Pages 117-145

Received 30 November 2023, Revised 1 May 2024, Accepted 21 June 2024, Available online 6 July 2024, Version of Record 29 May 2025.

E-mail: danw1539@googlemail.com

Highlights

• In research/industry, simulations are pervasive but often lack rigorous, quantitative validation.

• Trustworthy simulation outcomes necessitate validation via experimental data.

• PEPT has validated diverse simulation techniques for numerous systems.

Abstract

Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) and numerical modelling each hold a distinct place in industrial research and development. Despite the ability of PEPT to provide detailed, accurate measurements, its high cost and limited availability often pose constraints. Numerical modelling, on the other hand, offers efficiency and cost-effectiveness, but relies heavily on rigorous validation for trustworthy results. This paper explores the symbiotic relationship between these two methods, focusing on a range of simulation models validated using PEPT. We highlight the shortcomings of earlier validation techniques and underscore the unique advantages of PEPT, from its precise tracking of complex systems to the development of novel correction methods, that enhance its robustness. We do, however, discuss some shortcomings of PEPT and areas of future research to enhance the technique. A series of diverse case studies attest to the accuracy and versatility of PEPT as a validation tool, demonstrating its ability to rigorously validate research outcomes. This review paper ultimately advocates for the expanded use of PEPT in industrial practice and academic research, envisaging it as an indispensable tool in the advancement of effective validation techniques.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

PEPT; Validation; Simulations; Tracking

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