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Volume 111
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A highly efficient and stable phyllosilicate-derived Ni catalyst particles for isophthalonitrile hydrogenation to m-xylylenediamine
Hui Kang a b, Bing Xu b, Xin Wu b, Qiaoli Gao b, Rui Li b, Shuntao Li a b, Jingbo Ma b, Hongju Li b, Qiang Chen b c, Shaojie Li b c, Yuda Zhang b, Xuepeng Wang d, Yuefeng Liu c, Xingkun Chen d *, Yuhong Kang a *, Wei Lu b c *
a Yulin Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Refining Utilization on Heavy-Carbon Resources, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, China
b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technology Utilization, Yulin Branch, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yulin, 719199, China
c Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
d Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, 311231, China
10.1016/j.partic.2026.02.007
Volume 111, April 2026, Pages 214-222
Received 4 December 2025, Revised 3 February 2026, Accepted 7 February 2026, Available online 12 February 2026, Version of Record 4 March 2026.
E-mail: cxklned@zjnu.cn; yhkang2014@163.com; luwei@dnlyl.ac.cn
Highlights

• A Ni/SiO2-AE catalyst with high IPN hydrogenation activity and good stability.

• Phyllosilicate-derived process results in high Ni dispersion on the SiO2 substrate.

• A continuous route for IPN hydrogenation to produce m-XDA in a fixed-bed using granular Ni catalysts is provided.


Abstract

Hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines has attracted significant attention, and tuning its selectivity remains a challenge due to the easy occurrence of side reactions. Herein, a phyllosilicate-derived Ni/SiO2 catalyst was prepared to selectively hydrogenate isophthalonitrile (IPN) to m-xylylenediamine (m-XDA), achieving 100% conversion and at most 98.1% selectivity under mild reaction conditions of 80 °C and 5 MPa in a 1100 h run. Mechanism investigation suggests that Ni2SiO4 first grows on the SiO2 substrate during the ammonia evaporation step and then decomposed in the reduction step to form a Ni/SiO2-AE catalyst with high Ni dispersion. The strong interaction between Ni0 and SiO2 substrate invests the Ni/SiO2-AE catalyst with robust durability, and the abundant amount of Lewis acid sites facilitates the adsorption of IPN and the Brønsted acid promotes its hydrogenation by the H2 adsorbed on the adjacent Ni nanoparticle in a bifunctional manner.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Selective hydrogenation; Isophthalonitrile; Ammonia evaporation; Ni catalyst
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